翻譯：威煦軟體
Standing during meetings boosts the excitement around creative group processes and reduces people’s tendencies to defend their turf, according to a new Washington University in St. Louis study that used wearable sensors to measure participants’ activity levels.
「組織應該設計一個促進非久坐的辦公空間」Andrew Knight，一位奧林商學院的組織行為學的助教這麼說。
“Organ在izations should design office spaces that facilitate non-sedentary work,” said Andrew Knight, PhD, assistant professor of organizational behavior at Olin Business School.
Knight與Markus Baer,一位組織行為學的副教授一起發表了一份文件，"站起來 ! :非久坐不動的環境對制定信息與團隊表現的影響"於6月12刊登於社會心理與人格科學雜誌上。
Knight teamed with Markus Baer, PhD, associate professor of organizational behavior at Olin, on a new paper, “Get Up, Stand Up: The Effects of a Non-Sedentary Workspace on Information Elaboration and Group Performance,” published online June 12 in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science
Knight teamed with Markus Baer, PhD, associate professor of organizational behavior at Olin, on a new paper, “Get Up, Stand Up: The Effects of a Non-Sedentary Workspace on Information Elaboration and Group Performance,” published online June 12 in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science
這一份研究將會點出一個我們現實中即將面臨到的議題，Olin在雜誌上所發表的研究將會影響到經濟層面。
The paper will be featured in an upcoming issue of Praxis, Olin’s journal of research that impacts business.
The paper will be featured in an upcoming issue of Praxis, Olin’s journal of research that impacts business.
信息：如何擁有高效能的會議
Infographic: How to Have Effective Meetings.
將椅子都移開可能是一個低成本來方式來去重新設計一個辦公空間，同時也解決了久坐的影響。Knight這麼說，他並引用證據來證明這麼做是會影響到人們的健康的。
Removing chairs could be a low-cost way to redesign an office space while also tackling the health effects of sitting in one place for too long, Knight said, citing mounting evidence that a sedentary lifestyle is bad for people’s health.
我們的研究指出，甚至對於物理空間的一個小小的調整都能夠改變人們互相合作的工作方式。
“Our study shows that even a small tweak to a physical space can alter how people work with one another,” he said.
Knight在大學仍在興建Knight與Bauer大廳的時候就對於站著開會能開發團隊動力很有興趣，這是丹佛斯大學中兩棟新的商業大樓。
Knight became interested in exploring the group dynamics of standing meetings when the university was in the process of constructing Knight and Bauer Halls, the two new business buildings on the Danforth Campus.
Markus跟我當初對於久坐不動中的角色特別的感興趣，因為當時有一個新的選擇，那就是站著辦公，他們允許教師們能夠裝潢他們的辦公室。他說道，我們想要知道這種型態上的改變會如何的使人們進行團隊合作並且一起達到目標。
“Markus and I were particularly interested in the role of a sedentary workspace because standing desks were a new option that was available to faculty members for outfitting their offices,” he says. “We wondered how this type of arrangement would play out for people working together in a group to achieve a collective goal.”
Removing chairs could be a low-cost way to redesign an office space while also tackling the health effects of sitting in one place for too long, Knight said, citing mounting evidence that a sedentary lifestyle is bad for people’s health.
我們的研究指出，甚至對於物理空間的一個小小的調整都能夠改變人們互相合作的工作方式。
“Our study shows that even a small tweak to a physical space can alter how people work with one another,” he said.
Knight在大學仍在興建Knight與Bauer大廳的時候就對於站著開會能開發團隊動力很有興趣，這是丹佛斯大學中兩棟新的商業大樓。
Knight became interested in exploring the group dynamics of standing meetings when the university was in the process of constructing Knight and Bauer Halls, the two new business buildings on the Danforth Campus.
Markus跟我當初對於久坐不動中的角色特別的感興趣，因為當時有一個新的選擇，那就是站著辦公，他們允許教師們能夠裝潢他們的辦公室。他說道，我們想要知道這種型態上的改變會如何的使人們進行團隊合作並且一起達到目標。
“Markus and I were particularly interested in the role of a sedentary workspace because standing desks were a new option that was available to faculty members for outfitting their offices,” he says. “We wondered how this type of arrangement would play out for people working together in a group to achieve a collective goal.”
研究設計
Study Design
Study Design
所以Knight跟Baer設計了一個研究燃後請參與實驗的人組成一個小組一起工作30分鐘來研發並且錄製一段大學的招生視頻，一個團隊再一個沒有椅子擺放在桌邊或是甚至根本沒有椅子，在製作那段影片後，研究助理記錄了這個團對如何進行合作以及視頻的品質，而參與者也評價了他們的組員在過程中的表現。
So Knight and Baer designed a study that asked participants to work together in teams for 30 minutes to develop and record a university recruitment video. The teams worked in rooms that either had chairs arranged around a table or with no chairs at all. After making the videos, research assistants rated how the team worked together and the quality of the videos, while the participants rated how territorial their team members were in the group process.
參與者穿戴了一個小的感應器來感測衡量他們周遭的"生裡反應"-當人們感到興奮時將會引起反應。當一個人的知覺系統被啟動的時候，手腳周圍的汗腺將會產生反應釋放水份。而這個感應器將會利用電流透過皮膚來測量濕氣。
The participants wore small sensors around their wrists to measure “physiological arousal” — the way people’s bodies react when they get excited. When a person’s arousal system becomes activated, sweat glands around the feet and hands release bursts of moisture. The sensors pass a small current of electricity through the skin to measure these moisture bursts.
Knight跟Baer發現當那些站著進行會議的團隊相對於那些坐著的團隊，有更好的生理反應並且對於點子會比較沒有侵略感。那些站著的團隊的成員表示，他們的團隊成員對於他們的點子比較不會有防範心。這降低了不安，引導了更多的資訊分享進而做出更高品質的視頻。
Knight and Baer found that the teams who stood had greater physiological arousal and were less territorial about ideas than those in the seated arrangement. Members of the standing groups reported that their team members were less protective of their ideas. This reduced territoriality, led to more information sharing and to higher-quality videos.
看看他些團隊合作的物裡環境可以改變人們對於他們的工作有怎樣的想法，然後他們彼此的關係也是非常興奮的。Knight這麼說。
“Seeing that the physical space in which a group works can alter how people think about their work and how they relate with one another was very exciting,” Knight said.
這項新的研究是組織表現與辦公室所設計的，他們使用了穿戴式傳感器，相對於其他的研究，這是一個新的貢獻。穿戴式穿感器，例如FitBit以及Google Glass在消費者當中是比較受歡迎的，但是還是比較少見的利用這方面所做的研究，Knight這麼說。我們在想，穿戴式科技在研究的整合中在未來將會有很大的潛力，我們的研究就是一個例子，用來呈現怎麼做可以使這個研究更加豐富。
The new study is a novel contribution to the relatively new study of organizational behavior and office design as it includes wearable sensors. “Wearable technology like FitBit and Google Glass is becoming more popular for consumers but is still relatively rare in this kind of research,” Knight said. “We think that the future holds great promise for integrating wearable technology into research; our study is one example of how doing so can enrich a study.”
Knight鼓勵組織對他們的辦公空間做出很多的嘗試，移開椅子並且新增白板是一個低成本的選項，這個選項可以鼓勵腦力激盪與團隊合作。在他自己的辦公室，Knight使用了可調整高度的桌子，所以他可以站著或者是做著辦公，也可以減低做著開會的時間。他現在更嘗試了走動會議。
Knight encourages organizations to experiment with their office spaces. Removing chairs and adding whiteboards are low-cost options that encourage brainstorming and collaboration. In his own office, Knight uses an adjustable-height desk so he can sit or stand and tries to minimize time spent seated in meetings. He is now experimenting with walking meetings too.
我們所真正接觸到的只是關於使用物裡空間來連接團隊動力研究的皮毛。Knight說
“We’ve really just scratched the surface on linking group dynamics research with the physical space,” Knight said.
Knight與他的同事希望能夠在真實世界中，真的去幫助其他組織的人們在實驗室中嘗試設計出不同的空間設計。真正的在外頭以及真實的團隊工作環境下，這樣才能夠幫助我們審視關於工作空間長期下來對人們的影響。
He and colleagues hope to help organizations experiment with different room designs out of the lab and in the real world. “Working in the field, with real organizations, will help us to examine the longer-term effects of physical space manipulations.”
這項新的研究是組織表現與辦公室所設計的，他們使用了穿戴式傳感器，相對於其他的研究，這是一個新的貢獻。穿戴式穿感器，例如FitBit以及Google Glass在消費者當中是比較受歡迎的，但是還是比較少見的利用這方面所做的研究，Knight這麼說。我們在想，穿戴式科技在研究的整合中在未來將會有很大的潛力，我們的研究就是一個例子，用來呈現怎麼做可以使這個研究更加豐富。
The new study is a novel contribution to the relatively new study of organizational behavior and office design as it includes wearable sensors. “Wearable technology like FitBit and Google Glass is becoming more popular for consumers but is still relatively rare in this kind of research,” Knight said. “We think that the future holds great promise for integrating wearable technology into research; our study is one example of how doing so can enrich a study.”
Knight鼓勵組織對他們的辦公空間做出很多的嘗試，移開椅子並且新增白板是一個低成本的選項，這個選項可以鼓勵腦力激盪與團隊合作。在他自己的辦公室，Knight使用了可調整高度的桌子，所以他可以站著或者是做著辦公，也可以減低做著開會的時間。他現在更嘗試了走動會議。
Knight encourages organizations to experiment with their office spaces. Removing chairs and adding whiteboards are low-cost options that encourage brainstorming and collaboration. In his own office, Knight uses an adjustable-height desk so he can sit or stand and tries to minimize time spent seated in meetings. He is now experimenting with walking meetings too.
我們所真正接觸到的只是關於使用物裡空間來連接團隊動力研究的皮毛。Knight說
“We’ve really just scratched the surface on linking group dynamics research with the physical space,” Knight said.
Knight與他的同事希望能夠在真實世界中，真的去幫助其他組織的人們在實驗室中嘗試設計出不同的空間設計。真正的在外頭以及真實的團隊工作環境下，這樣才能夠幫助我們審視關於工作空間長期下來對人們的影響。
He and colleagues hope to help organizations experiment with different room designs out of the lab and in the real world. “Working in the field, with real organizations, will help us to examine the longer-term effects of physical space manipulations.”
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