【國際譯文】AlHce2014:全球化的供應鏈與員工的健康成本 (AIHce 2014: Globalization of the Supply Chain and the Cost to Worker Health)

(picture from EHS Today)

　　全球化帶來了經濟增長和世界上許多地區的繁榮，但同時也帶來了挑戰、擔憂，以及工作場所的健康和安全的威脅。

　　Globalization has brought economic growth and new prosperity to many regions of the world, yet at the same time has also brought challenges, concerns, and threats to workplace health and safety.

資訊來源：EHS

作者 ：Sandy Smith
日期：2014.06.05

翻譯：威煦軟體

　　根據工人權利聯盟的執行董事-Scott Nova的說法：「來自於各大服裝品牌中無情的合約競爭在全球供應鏈中也缺乏了在工人在安全方面的考慮。」
　　Ruthless competition for contract work from major clothing brands has contributed to a lack of worker safety considerations in global supply chain, according to Scott Nova, executive director of the Worker Rights Consortium.




　　6月4日這周在聖安東尼奧的AIHce 2014全體大會中，工人權利聯盟在華盛頓特區的執行董事- Scott Nova點出了在全球服裝行業呈現了一個關於缺乏良好安全工作條件的壞現象。

　　In the June 4 general session at AIHce 2014 in San Antonio this week, Scott Nova, executive director of the Worker Rights Consortium in Washington, D.C., painted a grim picture of unsafe working conditions in the global apparel industry.

　　“我們所面臨的問題是：怎麼可能在我們所有的知識背景之下，在Triangle Shirtwaist發生後，工人的死亡總數甚至多過一世紀之前。"
　　“The question we are confronted with is: How is it possible with all of our knowledge that workers are dying en masse more than a century after Triangle Shirtwaist?” Nova asked.

　　在Nova的介紹當中，他描述了經濟、政治以及在工作場所挑戰背後的技術型態，這些對工人的保護有了隱藏的解決之道以及有前途的新模式。
　　In his presentation, Nova described the economic, political and technical dynamics behind the workplace challenges, along with potential solutions and promising new models for worker protection.

　　Nova看到了在成衣製造業所面臨的危險工作條件，特別是在孟加拉，那裡的經濟和政治壓力加劇了長期存在的安全問題，危險程度更勝其他國家。
　　Nova offered insight into the hazardous working conditions in the garment manufacturing industry, particularly in Bangladesh, where economic and political pressures have exacerbated longstanding safety problems to a greater extent than in other countries.

　　三個在這個特殊行業的四個最糟糕的職場悲劇的最後兩年中時有發生，新指出。其中兩個災難，拉納廣場塌樓在2013年4月，導致超過1100人死亡，而Tazreen廠大火2012年12月，殺害100名工人，發生在孟加拉國。 
　　Three of the four worst workplace tragedies in this particular industry have occurred during the last two years, Nova noted. Two of these disasters, the Rana Plaza building collapse in April 2013, which resulted in more than 1,100 fatalities, and the Tazreen factory fire in December 2012, which killed 100 workers, occurred in Bangladesh.

　　在Nova的介紹中，他描述到了關於全球服裝工廠底層的工人在面臨了經濟條件無情的競爭下所造成的安全問題，大部分的服裝都是在工資便宜的國家生產的。
　　In his presentation, Nova described how the underlying the worker safety problem in global apparel factories are the economic conditions that have led to ruthless competition. The majority of garment manufacturing is done by workers in low-wage countries.


　　工廠大多都與全球服裝品牌如沃爾瑪和Gap訂定短期合約的供應商。一個典型的合約僅能持續到一筆訂單結束，工廠並不能保證他們能夠獲得一份新合約。因此，工廠的負責人別無選擇只能降低工資來爭奪新的合約；在孟加拉工作的工人一小時僅能獲得31分美金。 
　　Factories mostly are contract suppliers who have short-term relationships with global apparel brands like Wal-Mart and Gap. A typical contract lasts until a specific order is fulfilled, and factories have no guarantees that they will receive a new contract. Therefore, factory owners have little leverage to compete for contracts other than lowering their employees' wages; apparel workers in Bangladesh make the U.S. equivalent of 31 cents an hour.

　　“這是在全世界最便宜的谷底去做一件襯衫或牛仔褲，”Nova說。 
　　“It is the rock-bottom cheapest place in the world to make a shirt or a pair of jeans,” said Nova.

　　在員工缺乏保障與教育，加上幾乎完全缺乏執法的建設和安全守則之下，使得成千上萬的服裝工人暴露在非常危險的工作環境下工作，按照Nova說的。稽核人員在孟加拉的消防及樓宇安全協定之下檢查了500間工廠工廠，並命令其中的16間暫時關閉，直至該樓宇可以在安全的情況下進行出租。
　　An absence of worker empowerment and education, combined with an almost total lack of enforcement of building and safety codes, has created a very dangerous work environment for thousands of garment workers, according to Nova. Inspectors have examined some 500 factories that are part of the voluntary Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh, ordering 16 of them closed until the buildings could be made safe for occupancy.

@獨家文章轉載請注明來源：威煦軟體@

@本篇文章內容僅供參考，詳細轉載文章來於：EHS Today @

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